Saturday, November 02, 2024

What Kind of Farmers (Made that "Stone Wall")?

 

Farmers of Corn, Squash, and Beans?

Farmers of Cranberries, Blueberries, and Mast Forests??

 

“Just some rocks, of course” someone else says,

And of course I’m thinking “You mean stones.”

“Farmers clearing their fields, of course,” someone agrees,

“Happened all over New England, lol!”  someone else proclaims,

And of course I’m thinking “What kind of farmers?”

And of course I know who he means:

-          Dutch Farmers

-          English Farmers

And, of course, all those Farmers who came after them,

Bringing pigs and cows and sheep

Wheat and peas and “Old World Crops”

To the mythical howling and empty wilderness of these “New World Lands.”

 

And of course I’m thinking they think:

“Nothing happened here before 1620.”

And of course he doesn’t have a clue what I mean:

The Farmers planting “Corn, Squash, and Beans,”

 By the Stone Fish Weirs in the floodplains

-          Lenape Farmers of Forests and Grasslands

-          Paugussett Farmers of Blueberries and Cranberries

And of course all those who came before them

On these Ancient Homelands,

Over thousands and thousands of years

I’ll say it again:

Over thousands and thousands of years…

 

“We didn’t build walls,” someone else says

And I know she means the “stone fences” almost everybody colloquially calls “stone walls,”

Here on the Eastern Gate of Turtle Island that almost everybody calls “New England,”

Almost always assumed to be post contact constructions related to

European ideas of property ownership,

 European animal husbandry,

And European agriculture,

Here where all the “Real Indians” are said to be extinct,

Here where the Puritan Saints declared:

Indians had no art and “enclose no land,”

Here where nomadic Indians wandered like houseless people,

“Like the foxes and wild beasts,”

Here where the Indians, they said, worshipped the bright red devil…

 

But I’m talking about the Qusukqaniyutôkansh, the Rows of Culturally Stacked Stones,

That snake along the ancient roadways, that enclose the ancient gardens,

That follow the path that water takes from hillside springs to the salt water,

That continue to get eaten up, bulldozed and buried, or maybe washed away,  

That continue to be dismissed as “linear garbage piles” by Colonialists, Denialists, and Nationalists,

All of whom claim to be experts and scientists, supposedly exposing the pseudoscience,

Exposing the academic fraud of a perceived Ceremonial Stone Landscape Movement,

Often in the form of an angry condescending ad hominem tirade

Rather than an actual investigation of the Rows of Culturally Stacked Stones,

The “stone fences” almost everybody colloquially calls “stone walls,”

Here on the Eastern Gate of Turtle Island that almost everybody calls “New England,”

That sometimes begin with what appears to be Snake head…


"There's more to it," says Dr. T.

Of course I find I agree with that statement...



"Qusukqaniyutôk: (‘stone row, enclosure’ Harris and Robinson, 2015:140, ‘fence that crosses back’ viz. qussuk, ‘stone,’ Nipmuc or quski, quskaca, ‘returning, crosses over,’ qaqi, ‘runs,’ pumiyotôk, ‘fence, wall,’ Mohegan, Mohegan Nation 2004:145, 95, 129) wall (outdoor), fence, NI – pumiyotôk plural pumiyotôkansh.)" - Nohham Rolf Cachat-Schilling

Bulletin of the Massachusetts Archaeological Society, Vol. 77, No. 2 Fall 2016

https://vc.bridgew.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1202&context=bmas







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